•  Each team selects an applied case study (to be approved by the lecturer after a proposal) as cases for the methods discussed in class.
•  The empirical methods have to include statistical tests and multiple regression analyses.
•  Approx. 5-10 minutes per student ~> max 30 minutes per team

General Introduction (Welcome.ppt)
(the research process)

-> Why Research Methods (MindMap)?

Part I: Introduction to Business Research
1. Research in Business
3. Thinking Like a Researcher  
     - Types of variables (reader pp. 3-5)

Preparing Data:
Basic data management in Excel:
descriptive statistics, tables

“Statistics-QuickStudy” Statistics Overview
+ our scheme on the board (Population-Sample)

Cooper:
11. Measurement
       -> Skales of variables (reader pp. 10-12)
12. Measurement Scales

- Course Material (reader)
- Statistics-QuickStudy

- Our Memo about the case study: visitors' survey in a museum:
- Questionnaire
- Dataset in Excel and in SPSS format

Data management in Excel see Black, but also the introductory webpage at microsoft.com: "Introduction to Excel Starter") or www.excel-easy.com

Videos: data handling & analysis in Excel in my YouTube channel (.avi)

3. The Research Process 

Please prepare the team house-work - see table below

Correlation and regression analysis
in Excel: XL_Exercises_Corr_Reg.xls
please download, we'll use it today in class
(spoiler-alert: here you find the solutions)
 

Koop: "Analysis of Economic Data"
Overview/Review chapters (1) to ...

(3) (correlation) (reader pp. 35 ff)

(4) An introduction to simple regression
(+ preview multiple regression) (reader pp. 39 ff)

Correlations and Causes: (source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation)
- The more firemen fighting a fire, the bigger the fire is observed to be.   =>   Therefore firemen cause fire.
- Sleeping with one's shoes on is strongly correlated with waking up with a headache.   =>  Therefore, sleeping with one's shoes on causes headache.
- As ice cream sales increase, the rate of drowning deaths increases sharply.    =>   Therefore, ice cream causes drowning.
- With a decrease in the number of pirates, there has been an increase in global warming over the same period. => Therefore, global warming is caused by a lack of pirates.

1) house-work - see table below

Statistical Inference: Population and sample
chap. 15. Determining Sample Size
               Confidence level and Normal curve

chap. 18. Hypothesis Testing

Correlation and regression analysis
in Excel: XL_Exercises_Corr_Reg.xls
please download, we'll use it today in class
(spoiler-alert: here you find the solutions)

(3) (correlation) (reader pp. 35 ff)

Koop: "Analysis of Economic Data"

(4) An introduction to simple regression
(5) Statistical Aspects of Regression (reader pp. 46 ff)
(6) Multiple Regression        (scanned versions of chap 5 and 6 in Aulis) (reader pp. 50 ff)

Causality, Specifications and Applications
with case study "Explaining House Prices"

Please download the XL-files by Koop (zip), we are going to use (some of) them in class. Today we will use especially: Forest.xls and HPrice.xls

- College Town: students' results for simple linear analysis (see tasks in the table below) -> Material/resmeth/CollegeTownQuestion.doc, College_Town.xls

- Hedonic regression for used cars
We analyse cars like VW Polo, Opel Corsa, Skoda Fabia, Ford Fiesta
-> HedonicCars.xls ++ data

Sample application: Firm Foundations in Bremen:
- Paper and Presentation in German
- Presentation (short version in English)
- Data in Excel format
- SPSS data file, label_en.sps, Reg_Abs_All_en.sps, Reg_Intensi_All_en.sps and an example output

Central Limit Theorem (empty sheet used in class)

Teams present proposals for the final presentations!
brief ppt, no specific formal requirements but it should cover:
- Topic (Motivation)
- Research Question(s)
- Your "model"
- Data you want to use (check availability)
                                       -> please upload before class!

*** Evaluation ***
please let me know, what you think about this class

Statistical Inference: Population and sample
chap. 15. Determining Sample Size
               Confidence level and Normal curve

chap. 18. Hypothesis Testing

XL-files by Koop (zip), we are going to use (some of) them in class. Today we will use especially HPrice.xls

(7) Regression with dummy variables
with case study "Explaining House Prices" and "Firm Foundations in Bremen"

New Chapter 8 Qualitative Choice Models in 4 th edition (p119)
- The Economics of Choice
- Choice Probabilities and the Logit and Probit Models
- Appendix 8.1: Choice Probabilities in the Logit Model

Statistical software (examples):
SPSS: Education, product demos
- Aulis group Folder: ... Literature > SPSS you find some (_older_) Guides (of older versions); you also find the data file und some syntax files
- for more information you can search "SPSS tutorial", "SPSS syntax guide", ... in the web (e.g. "Brief Guide" SPSS 26, ...)
- Alternative: Statistics Package R with GUI RStudio, SAS, Stata, EViews, ...

Some example papers:
1) The Value of Safety as Revealed in the Swedish Car Market - An Application of the Hedonic Pricing Approach
2) A hedonic analysis of American collectable comic-book prices
3) Cinema Demand in Germany
4) Did you follow the debate about "The 90% question": relationship between debt and growth, see e.g. a report in the Economist or "The Reinhart-Rogoff Reassessment in the Media"?
- The original paper by Reinhart and Rogoff
- The (reply) paper by Herndon, Ash and Pollin, who on their webpage also provide a link to the dataset they used. Why not try it ... ??

Using SPSS
Review of (4) An introduction to simple regression and (5) Statistical Aspects of Regression (some aspects)
-> free ebook: "SPSS: Stats Practically Short and Simple" by Sidney Tyrrell
additional information: if you want (=you don't have to!) you can download a trial version of the statistical program SPSS that we are going to use in class -> product demos

Review and conclusion + YOUR questions

              Teams' presentations

The presentation time should be approx. 5-10 minutes per student ~> max 30 minutes per team.
You are expected to deliver a handout for students. (The handout has to be a structured (Word-) file. I recommend to use the same numbered structure as in the presentation).

You are expected to tell a story about your topic:
- why did you select the topic?
- what did you know / find (literature) about it before?
- develop a research question and hypotheses
- introduce and describe you data
- analyze them using descriptive tools (e.g. graphs, tables, correlation, simple regression ...)
- run, present and discuss different specifications of multiple regressions
- what did we learn?

It is expected that you initiate and moderate a discussion about the topic and your findings. So it is strongly recommended that you prepare a discussion question/s. The discussion time doesn't count into the presentation time.

Thank you for uploading the presentations and handouts in Aulis up to Friday 28 June 2024 6 p.m.!

Please note the:
- the marking grid that I will use to grade your presentations
- and my "Recommendations for QM presentations.docx"

Here you find a best practice example of a presentation

Don't forget to use - and quote correctly - academic literature, especially articles from academic journals.

To be found in a library database (for example Selected Resources - Faculty 1: International Business at TB Economics and Nautical Sciences at SUUB Bremen).
Recommended database: EconBiz
Recommended literature management tool: ZOTERO

For more information about finding and managing literature see below ->

1st session
teamwork in class

Please PREPARE the solution process for 3rd session
Sa 25.05.24

7 to 10 min. per team !!!

... origin of the visitors

and their socio-demographic characteristics for the different groups (question 26 ff in last colum)

including multivariate analysis: use pivot-tables to analyse your variable (mean / percentage) broken down by two dimensions)

... Inducement to visit the exhibition (question 1)

and their socio-demographic characteristics for the different groups

including multivariate analysis: use pivot-tables to analyse your variable (mean / percentage) broken down by two dimensions)

... Reason to visit the exhibition (question 3)

and their socio-demographic characteristics for the different groups (these are only the out-of-town visitors)

including multivariate analysis: use pivot-tables to analyse your variable (mean / percentage) broken down by two dimensions)

 ... Motivation to visit the exhibition (question 17)

and their socio-demographic characteristics for the different groups

including multivariate analysis: use pivot-tables to analyse your variable (mean / percentage) broken down by two dimensions)

To be used IN class in 3. session

"College Town": All groups should perform
(i) one simple correlation and regression (interpret!)    ... and:

CollegeTownQuestion.doc, College_Town.xls

(ii) the multiple regression, answering ...

1) The Value of Safety as Revealed in the Swedish Car Market - An Application of the Hedonic Pricing Approach

2) A hedonic analysis of American collectable comic-book prices